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Robin Lynn Raphel (born 1947) is an American former diplomat, ambassador, CIA analyst and an expert on Pakistan affairs. Until November 2, 2014, she served as coordinator for non-military assistance to Pakistan, carrying on the work of the late Richard Holbrooke, whose AfPak team she joined in 2009. In 1993, she was appointed by President Bill Clinton as the nation's first Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs, a newly created position at the time designed to assist the U.S. government in managing an increasingly complex region. She later served as U.S. Ambassador to Tunisia from November 7, 1997 to August 6, 2000, during Clinton's second term in office. In the 2000s, Raphel held a number of South Asia-related diplomatic positions. She retired from the State Department in 2005 after 30 years of service, but returned in 2009 as a senior adviser on Pakistan under then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. In November 2014 it was reported that Raphel was the subject of a federal counterintelligence investigation, and that the FBI had searched her home and her security clearance had been revoked. ==Early life and education== Robin Lynn Johnson was born in Vancouver, Washington in 1947〔 to Vera and Donald Johnson, a manager of an aluminum plant.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=Congressional Record )〕 She has two sisters, Karen Freeze and Deborah Johnson.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Karen Johnson Freeze Obituary: View Karen Freeze's Obituary by The Seattle Times )〕 She graduated from high school in Longview, Washington in 1965.〔(【引用サイトリンク】work=U.S. Department of State )〕 She received a B.A. in history and economics from the University of Washington in 1969. During her undergraduate year she studied history at the University of London, and would later return to England after graduation to study for a year at Cambridge University.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Robin Raphel: facts and figures )〕 In 1970, she took a position as a teacher at Damavand College, an Iranian women's college in Tehran, where she taught history for two years. She earned her master's degree in economics from the University of Maryland.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U.S. State Department Biography of Robin Raphel )〕 Raphel was Senior Vice President at the National Defense University in Washington from 2000 until 2003. She is fluent in French and Urdu.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=U.S. Ambassador to Tunisia Biography/Archives )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Robin Raphel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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